Objective To investigate the current situation of the self-compassion of clinical nurses，and to identify the potential characteristics of different types of nurses’ self-compassion and the relationship with psychological flexibility，so as to provide a reference for the development targeted psychological intervention programs for different types of clinical nurses. Methods Convenience sampling method was adopted to select 3 779 front-line clinical nurses in China in March 2022 as the survey objects. A general data questionnaire，self-compassion scale，Acceptance and Action Questionnaire（2nd edition），and cognitive integration questionnaire were used to conduct the survey. Potential profile analysis of nurses’ self-compassion characteristics was conducted by the self-compassion scale. The relationship between self-compassion characteristics and the psychological flexibility of nurses was discussed by one-way ANOVA and Logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 3 579 nurses were included. The characteristics of nurses’ self-compassion could be divided into 3 categories，including the unbalanced self-compassion group（15.90%），the lower high self-compassion group（25.12%），and the medium self-compassion ability group（58.98%）. Compared of the high self-compassion group and the medium self-compassion group，nurses who had more harmonious family relationship（OR=0.812，P=0.004），higher frequency of physical exercise（OR=0.817，P<0.001），better sleep quality（OR=0.751，P<0.001） and higher frequency of participating self-compassion training（OR=0.874，P=0.019） were more likely to be classified into the high self-compassion group，while nurses with high experiential avoidance（OR=1.077，P<0.001） and cognitive integration（OR=1.020，P=0.013） were more likely to be classified into the medium self-compassion group. Compared of the imbalance group and the lower high self-compassion group，nurses who had better sleep quality（OR=0.777，P<0.001） were more likely to be classified into the high self-compassion group，while nurses who had higher experiential avoidance（OR=1.070，P<0.001） were more likely to be classified into the imbalance group. Conclusion The self-compassion of clinical nurses can be divided into 3 categories. Nursing managers can take precise psychological interventions to improve nurses’ self-compassion ability according to the psychological characteristics of different types of nursing staff，so as to promote the overall mental health of clinical nurses.

The evaluation of early morning symptoms can timely understand the frequency and severity of symptoms,and it is an important basis for formulating symptom management plans. This paper describes the contents,characteristics and application of early morning symptom assessment tools for COPD patients at home and abroad,and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different tools,so as to provide references for the follow-up related research and the construction of nursing interventions.

Objective To compare the screening ability of the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG),Berg Balance Scale (BBS),Single Leg Stance (SLS) and Brief-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Brief-BESTest) for fall risk in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),and to provide references for clinical selection of appropriate screening tools for balance function. Methods From February 2020 to February 2021,a total of 86 COPD patients hospitalized in the department of respiratory and critical care medicine of a tertiary hospital in Guangdong were selected by convenience sampling method. Their balance abilities were assessed using the TUG,BBS,SLS and Brief-BESTest. Taking 3-month history of falls as the diagnostic standard,the identification ability of the 4 scales for falls was compared by Bayes discriminant analysis and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results The cross-validation accuracy of TUG,BBS,SLS and Brief-BESTest were 60.47%,68.60%,51.16% and 72.09%. The Brief-BESTest showed the biggest area under ROC curve (0.818),compared with BBS (0.758),TUG (0.686) and SLS (0.568). At the cutoff score of 14,the Brief-BESTest demonstrated a positive test accuracy of 0.786 with the sensitivity of 0.739,the specificity of 0.825. Conclusion Among the 4 balance function tests,brief-BESTest was the best at screening a history of falls in COPD patients. Brief-BESTest was recommended for clinical staff to assess balance and predict fall risk in patients with COPD.